MF

C₂₁H₂₁ClO₁₂

MW

500.84

Function

antioxidant activity, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, vision improvement, antidiabetic properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and antimicrobial activity

Basic Organisms

universal

Precursor

Leucoanthocyanidin Anthocyanidin

Host

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Synthesis Type

Complete biosynthesis

Downstream Gene

LAR, ANS, A3GT

Pathway

Reference

1. Eichenberger M, Hansson A, Fischer D, et al. De novo biosynthesis of anthocyanins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J]. FEMS yeast research, 2018, 18(4): foy046.
2. Almeida J R M, D’Amico E, Preuss A, et al. Characterization of major enzymes and genes involved in flavonoid and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis during fruit development in strawberry (Fragaria× ananassa)[J]. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 2007, 465(1): 61-71.
3. Ogata J, Itoh Y, Ishida M, et al. Cloning and heterologous expression of cDNAs encoding flavonoid glucosyltransferases from Dianthus caryophyllus[J]. Plant Biotechnology, 2004, 21(5): 367-375.
4. Honda C, Kotoda N, Wada M, et al. Anthocyanin biosynthetic genes are coordinately expressed during red coloration in apple skin[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002, 40(11): 955-962.